Key Strategies for Earthquake Preparedness and Survival

Understanding Earthquake Preparedness

In the wake of increasing seismic activity, knowing how to prepare for earthquakes is paramount. This guide outlines essential strategies to ensure safety, enhance awareness, and prepare individuals for potential emergencies related to seismic events.

The Role of AKUT

Established in 1995 following a tragic incident in the Bolkar Mountains, AKUT emerged as a vital organization focused on earthquake preparedness in Turkey. Acknowledging the country’s vulnerability to seismic activity, its volunteers underwent specialized training, thus becoming a significant force in fostering public awareness. In recognition of its efforts, AKUT received official certification as an NGO by the Turkish government in 1999.

By 2011, AKUT achieved International Search and Rescue Advisory Group (INSARAG) classification, distinguishing itself as one of only three Turkish organizations with this status. Since its inception, AKUT has conducted over 3,500 operations, including mountain rescues and flood responses.

Historischer Kontext

The devastating 1999 Marmara earthquake, which struck the İzmit region, reached a magnitude of 7.6 and resulted in more than 17,000 fatalities, leading AKUT to play a pivotal role in rescue missions. More recently, on February 6, 2023, two significant earthquakes, measuring 7.8 and 7.5, ravaged southeastern Turkey and northern Syria, claiming over 50,000 lives and displacing millions, with AKUT actively involved in search and rescue efforts.

Preparing for an Earthquake

Understanding seismic waves and the build-up of tectonic strain is essential. Being prepared can minimize risks and enhance safety. Here are steps individuals can take:

• Inspect Your Building: Ensure your home meets necessary structural safety standards.
• Get Insurance: Safeguard your belongings with insurance that covers earthquake damage.
• Identify Safe Spots: Locate secure areas at home, work, and other frequented spots.
• Set a Family Meeting Point: Choose a designated place for family reunification in emergencies.
• Create an Emergency Plan: Develop an action plan and conduct regular drills.
• Know Utility Controls: Learn how to shut off gas, electricity, and water safely.
• Secure Loose Objects: Fasten heavy furniture and gas bottles to prevent accidents.
• Store Chemicals Properly: Ensure hazardous materials are kept safely to avoid leaks.

Preparing an Emergency Bag

Having an emergency bag on hand is crucial during disasters. Consider including the following:

Essential Items

• Drinking water
• Non-perishable food
• Erste-Hilfe-Kasten

Recommended Items

• Flashlight
• Radio
• Spare batteries
• Cash
• Notebook with pen
• Whistle
• Important documents (insurance, ID)
• Emergency contacts

Personal Items

• Blanket
• Prescribed medications
• Baby supplies
• Other necessary personal items

Emergency Contacts

It’s essential to have a list of emergency contacts:

• Ambulance – 112
• Police – 155
• Fire Brigade – 110
• Gendarmerie – 156
• AKUT Search & Rescue – 0212 217 0410

In Muğla, all emergency services can be reached by dialing 112, but it’s prudent to check regional variations before traveling.

During an Earthquake

Remaining calm is critical:

• If Indoors: Move to the safe areas previously identified and protect yourself.
• If Outdoors: Find an open space away from buildings and trees and crouch down.
• If on Higher Floors: Do not attempt to exit; stay put until shaking ceases.

After an Earthquake

Once the shaking has stopped:

• Remain calm and with your family.
• Prepare to evacuate with your emergency supplies.
• Turn off utilities if necessary, prioritizing gas to avoid hazards.
• Refrain from entering damaged buildings until it is safe.
• Document any damage for insurance purposes.
• Prepare for potential aftershocks by being ready to drop and cover.

If Trapped Under Rubble

Staying composed is essential in difficult situations:

• Cover your mouth to minimize dust inhalation.
• Conserve energy and call for help at intervals.
• Listen for nearby voices and try to communicate.

Tsunamis and Earthquakes

Tsunamis can arise from sudden ocean displacement often linked to earthquakes. Awareness and preparedness about these phenomena are critical for minimizing risks.

Schlussfolgerung

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